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A Study on Qi-song’s Philosophy of Consistency between Confucianism and Buddhism

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A Study on Qi-song’s Philosophy of Consistency between Confucianism and Buddhism (Northern Song Dynasty: 1007-1072) Abstract A dialogue and debate within Chinese Buddhism has existed since Buddhism was introduced into China from India in the Han Dynasty. As Buddhism originated from India and Confucianism is a key component of Chinese culture, Confucianism had a major influence on the assimilation of Buddhism into Chinese culture. Today’s Chinese Buddhism is the result of the convergence of these two traditions. A dialogue means questions and answers between you and me in the narrow sense. In the broad sense, it also means the relation, which exists between people and things, the growth and decline of different cultures as well as religious traditions. Hans-Georg Gadamer has pointed out that for a dialogue to occur, there must be a common language. I am concerned about the assimilation of Buddhism into the Chinese culture, as well as interested in the changes which happened after Buddhism had experienced the three stages, which were India monks bringing the sutras into China; translation of the sutras, and understanding of the sutras from a Chinese perspective. How could Buddhism have a dialogue with Confucianism? What happened between the two traditions when they encountered each other? For Buddhism, what is the influence and impact of this dialogue during the interaction itself?

This thesis focuses on the Qi-song’s philosophy of consistency between Confucianism and Buddhism. He was a famous monk who belonged to Yun Men Section in the Northern Song Dynasty. I have focused on his work Tan Jin Wen Ji which is followed by a discussion of his theory from Gadamer’s viewpoint of hermeneutics and finally my point of view. I have also presented a historical survey of Northern Song Dynasty in my discourse. It is hoped that this study will bring out some new viewpoints on these issues and offers different views of Chinese Buddhism and Religious Study. Keywords: Qi-song, The consistency between Confucianism and Buddhism, Gadamer, Dialogue dialectics, The understanding as a concrete fusing of horizon, Buddhism in the Northern Song Dynasty, Yun Men Section


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m|nZnD@AvOG

tK~~T@Akl@XaDA~~GQwWoAY BbAOSioXaAgUADdAt ok`AcAAoXaC 42

HWmioA_}lYO@AAOu NWt@oipAw|`poiAhDv CwvA{OyAt

38 qvXaAHWx|AnyAg~~AJ@BCYb | i``~~|gBBiAicFCKm | | | Ngvn | A | | ---------------- | --- | --- | ---- | --- | 358AXPeC

39 mnQ@EgAXBPeC 40 mnQ@EgAXBPeC

41 mnQ@EgAXBPeC | 42 m|nZn | 8UAD@C | | | | | -------- | ------ | --- | --- | --- | | | | 17 | | |

AAag~AWv MXvC]NOAvHLgMyAQ

Pa~hAoX@				43C
{AoOvvx@CRATMO
AA]PFjNaUvNUAsPH]
NNAH@aHAHdTaVOApGX
jAhiOdT	sC
----------	---	---	---	---

GB_zF
ezA		960~FvAY}lszA
44K[ANzFWuBN
KdC
ADybCbAHQ]dMzC				45
--------------	---	---	---	---
XaXqAcFBFAAFBF
CBCC{aJwBOBBz
XkA_hNnOpC			46KG
----------	---	---	----	---

]cL{YAuMohAHQKE] BwAGbC]AbvP_MF 47 tOAyYFAFYAMC

| Spm|nZnKD@@QTG | | | | | | -------------- | --- | --- | --- | --- |

43 m_vZn		AXBPeA	42A
44 Kenneth Ch’enABuddhism in ChinaAA Historical SurveyANew JerseyGPrincetonASecond Ed.A
1973A p. 400C
45 KA
	mN	gvn		AXPeA
--------	------	---	-----	-----
46 XBPWA	357C
47 KA	mN	gvn		AXPeA
			18

ZDCT~@ybWAHTQvAggA

AvCQATXC				48

boqzDmiHo{AiwgvA] | |vAwvMvPC | | | | | | | --------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | {A~~LqAJxDM|vAav gCGOYbCYbNAqvXaAHWx|A nyAgCbYbAi``~~|FCTA | OHWrAoHpWC | | | m|nZnK@@QC | | | | ---------- | --- | --- | ---------- | --- | --- | | _uvpG | | | | | |

| w|~~|A@b} | | 畧~~DBDhBkaUABvA | | | | | -------- | --- | -------------- | --- | --- | --- | ~QAvBABxDoeOAeOoYbAw 49 kWxAoNpWC

@IAUCpoCuvHG~U@G

BbAOLliADdAcsLA`R{Ato 50B AbxaAoXaCx[eAHvDBT

BBFPoC			51

| 48 m|nZn | AXPeC | | | | | | -------- | ----- | --- | --- | --- | --- | 49 XBPWC 50 x|x|AxTCANHwA CTGWyBxDBCWyAkwRAHFxDA yx|ABhDqxtyzFA@AYDq | CTlN]|@^ | | Cmjn | | AqlTC | | | -------- | -------- | ---- | --- | ----- | --- | | 51 m|nZn | AKD@GQGC | | | | | | | | | 19 | | |

@XaAuvWwG

@XaAoBBFwtAP~LBFv Do\roeAv\cvFAppDA UC 52

PaAvtK~PWwG

YBbAOSioXaAgUADdA

tok`AcAAoXaC	53

oTqmXA_FvvbzWD`YA zvHh~~A]OA_oiF@Mz tHFvzC bLAp]BBYkOWwC KsAFbAx{L _Aq{QjwTvCAHoAI 54CAgxOpAIA~~AN

52 m|nZn AXBPWC 53 m|nZnKAD@GQCC 54 G

@ jp]q@QAqQC^
G B	]`^A`AvAVC^
T Ax]T@AG^
	T]TYAY^	A]wbAb^
OCt]fB@BIBDBCjFIAoOC^

LfDAfHfALfHDC
b	As[[C
HWeKbmNgvnAm	[N
------------	---	---
ME ]A 402C
20

BsHLA|CHaBHAH x|xLdC 55 ACHxwCp}_~ YU@G

AbACQHTQHAC~@HACKQ HHApQwUAbn~AeA@HC 56

vD~U@G	unBBHbCT
H@HC v57
WA@AYiKU\M	AFv
vtUavQA]AWwA]C
pm	nZnKADG@YG	uZoFACJt
-------------	--------	---
`A}AW]QyAQGTQAWAC v
pAT	AsLp`WwApXaA
58
YLA\AhC
qXaBcBA_FviHOzN
OqMoixbABA}ig~A
AJCoXNqG@BHPO@FGB
zoiFTBzP]O@MAHTO
vOqCLiOATObFvUFAoi
	A@B@Ba{XSxC
------------	---	---

| 55 KA mN|gvn | AXPWA | 365C | | ------------ | ----- | ----- | 56 m|nZnKAD@@Q|C

| 57 m|nZnKAD@@QC | | | | --------------- | --- | --- | | 58 m|nZnKADG@C | | | | | 21 | |

		G` _oip
@Bx	oiPp

_AbvWuUbgHMIv~CIvS

HvB{vC
x	P~AbFvUAot@koi
C\hx	oH_DAxpLjgNNA
@pC		59xjgAYB}Aq}_	~
---	------------	-----------------	---
K~]	971~~983^QG~~C
bx	WA_Ynqtgx PNAMwqt
i_oHALvQC			{Ajgx
------------	---	---	--------
	ANbIWsjtPvA
vOOig~A			ag
@Cvx	BPg
ygvHxAge			AH_Pax
60WAN
hKzAoFvX@C
vAg~A			FNNHFH~A
--------	---	---	-----------
NO_Cx]gc			YKAqy{gHDPi
@wMy{A]M			gxAg
veC
bx	goiAYNNAjPW oiXApx
B\wXPaq~CK{			xgooiA
-----------	---	---	---------
Dn]TG@OU			FGOHXjA^A

59 pxAY}_AQG~B{FI|P|RUB{}x icATQ|~~BBlA@@QK~~C KA mN|

gvn	AXPeA	5C
60 m_vZn		AXBPeA	38-44C
			22

Hx|LkpFTBNwv AiwQA fAix|gOYHC 61WzT]Ax|PHo xgAOPLb PgWIANN Ax|}FH~~A| OBk|MB|B BBRAHaOB B@]U}Ani 62C]AaL^A gu~~ HLkb|sCPA ^e|T [ApGnkAx|g nPsAMA x|gPAb`W ]NALAb

QdAGbC
bx	oiWAMaON
CbaoiAoF uvAAaAhH
HPWCMa oiAw\h~MDQ
63AbAUesG~AzzXHoC
L
@vkAfjvnvIAN		HAbnH
------------	---	-----
naoiCAC lpqs{kAUF
vByzWBjsq	64Hb{kAC{h	sUxDIvC
-------------	----------	-------
pqsUA	bst]sF^
@aAbvWnA{Ah		dVALO
ndVARA@x	PQAPYKCO
@aoHoin]CNx @AH{W

61 XBPWA 20-21C 62 XBPWA 22C 63 A`LjwBRBFFPaA hMoiAKBFnvIvsAh | ATsZHnvI|FvoiDn[Imvn | | C | | -------------------- | --- | --- | 64YmwOnQEOAbakEAbC{kTApH {B{U@C 23

65AEOHOq}JjgG 66A abxAxsjIf

@K{AAW{		ScUABaunTkA
YGk@kXaCbaq~{AhHPD~hC 67
68Can_HYI
baA_v@Q	{
fAIALO~~TBA~~		oiBVu~BAOaQ
-----------	---	-----------
]IQoFCxq]b		Abaq~W{WA]O
Q~~hAAKOUQ~~C

GB_IvOLoi
NOvWOLNA_Iv oiYHA
HvAO{P}FNaAqnBBB
BXaOLoiy		A{A_OLo
--------	---	-------
iPvkyKiY		69C
{A_OL]UCXG OovhP
axtAHQ		KkA[WaxPH
--------	---	----------
]AHHpNiA		AohjH
Ww~P}nYA		n]L{Ovh
PvQF		ABo]NOLoin
70
C

| 65 KA mN|gvZn | AXPeA|GNx|P| | | | ------------- | ------------ | --- | gYA 126C 66 40C | 67KA mN|gvZn | AXPeA|GNx|P|g | | | ------------ | ------------- | --- | YA 119-126C 68 Q|{OGCBBBqBB`BBVBBBBBBxBC| xPx]mC

69 A m_vZn	AXPeA	223C
70 XBPWC
		24
---	---	---

vU_Nn~Ab_oi				AHkl
h	BB@		71	QKHACBK@GQHA]NOjbuv
Avv~]		1015~1085A	@nwYA}so}
l^CNaoiAuqvasF}lAV_BB
XoiAOLWbAOg			VgDIa
-------------	---	---	-----------	-----	---
eiC[Avb			vFnBBH
XaA@vt			OLCbWAhO]ax
jOAvlHQOLJDx					72gzC

| o@OAIvka@aAv | | | | lM]|A | | | ------------------ | --- | ---------- | ---------- | ------ | --- | | biJADnEfsM~~sApmLnU | | | | 73YO|@ | | | }soDkmG | | uCfsAA~~kuC | | | vu | | {Bx{BC{a]sAn | | | HKOtax|hAv | | | viJaoiA hb|B@kApuBCB 74CIv~Aa|OvH qhAbeT@

baoiC
b@kAvQ@IALHr				kA@sxA
OByB@BBU	BGDMWCpwszPmZn B
tPmvn		BPmn	BuPmu	jn
-----	------	----	-------------	---	---
hPmqn	BCPmzn		BvPmIbMWnCqHW
Q@NAXLT@kH_M	vTC
m	nZn		qDr@QTBQ	AbuvH~
----------	---	---------------	--------	---	---
Xp@KQUlHA			CQUHWAvP
CQUHWAH_Fv			zFA{o

71 mkvOnCB		mwOn	BmOn	Aj	51UC
72 vAvlHQOLJDx	Ap{Cm_vZn 238A
XPeC
--------	---	----------	---	---	---
73 EfxdA	mLn	Aw	wAlaC
74 m_vZn		A 247AXPeC
			25

| A@Ox|}l_BA | | nHOMHzx|FGOb | | ---------- | --- | -------------- | | FvUQkOql | | F|sCo[A | | MLkM_OLoiM | | vkYAOo | | Fb__AH | | vQG@H}lV_oiAoi | LvTC _IvOL|}vAOk OqSvQ | oDCDnkb | 75AuMFBUC{P|n | | | -------- | ------------- | --- | | bApBBsBu | 76Cbv_ILA}vB{ | | vS~NA]bQdAGbC

75 kOA}vbOLoiAuMFP}lC

76 m_vZn	285AXPeC
		26

				T` C
@BPz

77nzA | ]H | | ~~1072^bmznHw|w | | | | | | | | --- | --- | ---------------- | --- | --- | --- | -------- | --- | --- | | _C] | | 1007~~1072^UmArFA | | | | 潜lA{zH]s | | | 78CCXaAQTv | ^ | Auvw|~~A | | | \v~~ | | | | | | --------- | ------- | --- | --- | ------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | oAjCokIv | | | | }soAkv@ | | | | | H 79C | QE]_vt|A | | | | | 1026 ~~^ACi}F}C | | | | | --------------- | --- | --- | --- | --------- | -------------- | --- | ------ | --- | | PC}CbN | | | | NwASHI~~hA | | | | | | NbcnA | | | | | vDTOnY{ | | | | | CA{XYiXXvDDC | | | | FANFM | | | | | | Cx|AjPPI|PASHaM | | | | | | | 80C\ | | | bmzEjvOnCuUFfv | | | | | | | A]NOLC | | | aIbf@aC@aA | | | | OIvDnaAvY | | | | | 81C wbkAv|@B@kAOLoi^mj

COIAeDkNQT				APvky
^LKpC

| 77 Cmznw|wAwOGAXBPeC | | | | | | | | | | -------------------- | --- | ------- | --- | --- | ----- | --- | --- | --- | | 78 m~On | | Amzn@Aj | | | 52UC | | | | 79 mnA}soIvv|NkAjvC]NkC

mn@	20ANnjOQ~]			952^u{yxRBaGIvsnvIvA
wOAOyosAb_wQAbAW@
ALxQo{CRBaGIvwAqIv_AG
HipqskC~A			mnOICP			nhok
---------	---	---	------	---	---	----	---	---
HMyAPtakFNHeIvvPyAp}v}s}B
sIA{v{qBvsFMszIUvv							PA]A	m
------------------	-------	---	------	------	-------	---	-------	---
niOnvI[IcIvvC				mn	AGXA		1996~8C
80 KA	mN	gvZn			AXBPeA	377C
81 A	m_vZn		Ax_GLA		1997~@A		241C
				27

82CD~

Cbf@aAbv}s			oU}oLi
]1032~1033^qssa			A^t	W		83A~GQ
kCbBW\gAiH			O@eQoiw
84C
Fp
Cb@aXFQ~~Avy~~]					1042~1048^J
-------------	-------	---------	---------	--------	-----------	-----	---
FdBCdBYO			aAO_t@oi
CvlbaH			vcAx	PAl
\hleAOa		HPAWs		85AFqC	mzj
v~OnOLG	usAl	rj		viLaRAo
CwO~~ALRBw~~U			AB}lg@ANU
M[Hk@@g@o				APL]vkVw
AH@zkC
	b}FOLXAN}C					VJ
oiaoiHi				HCF~
~At@OMIikt			A	CLdbABF
		86CAGMbau				v87C
qLHPj	C{					HDU

| 82 {FCAok}soIvC | | | mOn|QAj|QEUA | | | | | | ---------------- | --- | --- | ------------ | --------- | --- | --- | --- | | NO.2035CtmOnC | | | | | | | | | 83 m]jn|Aj|QEUA | | | NO.2037C | | | | | | 84 mNqnQEAj|QEUA | | | | NO.2036C | | | | bm]jnPmNqnHn{Ivmn]r | @|QGU^ | AOCs]^saA^t|A | | | | | | | | -------------- | ------------- | ----- | --- | -------- | ---- | --- | --- | | uEHQqv | | Agg@C | | | b@m_ | | | | vZnV{COg@msn | | | Bmn | BmnW@AV{ | | | | | OwpA\qzjv~OrG | | | | uyJdB | | ……O | | UhjA}hALlCFnBmBBAFW

~A@BQlgA@eDAHCvV_ACqr						Bq
rsDOFQWAOZC
85 @abNBnYwR	Ax	hCXBPe					19A
m]jn	AvudVtWkJAmQT{aCv
WAHJG	uFHdVJAqzjvA				xAR
--------------	------------	---	--------	---	---	---	---
vCvmNqnQKhOFdV			@ALmvn@C
86 bC{Fs~A	eltsAjv`qA@
zAi	qbC{w^CLp_WBnC{A
vLlbaqkku@QDAPafHX
			28
---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---

88ACW~`PhjCAGGDA bC{

E{APg@CbC{ALOmsn				A
mkvOn	Bmkvwn	BmkvnAHMIvv
@IA^mgnn kCFmsnH~A
@PIvxvmIkn		89C
------------	---	----	---	---
CABOCLsasA`q			aAy
`AxTgA gAxAKAJ
iSiANi`p ANHnIAA
CAOlHP CDn]C\mzj
v~OnYG	ugAJRASzA]A]P
------	-------------	---	---	---
CCv90
CXG@W~AiHQMP			xPxALD
------------	---	---	------	---
PHPAuODL kVCAYAn
DAP~hbmzjv~OnYyzLG

~@AMLFPHMA			DhAi
y]I91

92AibD

LvgFgOqIlr			BqIlr
SpUAHQkMAARFLCgqIlr
OFvDoS]ALG
----------	---	---	---	---

AJLcZcAPBHhQKALBI C

87 hvzG		uvyAlHDUCv		mznQ
EC
88 CbC{~FswAFxAFxO_FxA
{	i@BAOiHTwOALbC{T~FsC
----------------------	---	---	---	---
89 KA
	mN	gvZn	AXBPeA	11C
----	-------------	------	----	---
90 j	52UANO. 2115A	648C
91 PW
29

AIlTh]AMDFA		IlD]AH
kCIlAG]AiiC		93

LvMG	u^]A\DXC	v94B{
ejho@YQDAGG uZADA
HA^]I	v95
------------	----	----
WzoqmIlniHLw		k@Pw
VAOLoDOQI ALcGXD@
e[cAOMngL {A\L{OA`a
hvTAJAOs[paC
------------	---	---
bqIlrAMFLHB@WBCLyzvG u
RASAVAGUAHC	v96
-----------	----	-------
LoL^~o@DA@		HunMD~C
iOHD~WAWnW[A HNUhAWWUHUUhC
ACoL`AFv@Cq]ALG		u^HA
---------------	---	----
HAMbyeC v97
iCAPHA		OMOb
------	---	----
WAiNb iDA\A@AH
zWC
\AoNO~BICAo@_
---------------	---	---
vWAbvPvWShvO]@C

92 mznKC

93 XBPWA	686C
94 PWC
95 PWC
96 PWC
97 PWC
30

GBC@PQz
C@@QlU		98Ab_DnHXGaQA@
eAz	qqz[cY AAhApaB
FA\msn		Bmsnqn	BmkvOn	Bm
---------	---	-----------	------	---
kvn@AYgaG		uNIv	99
@Dnmzn		A@eDi@msn@W
UTAcBUBsBBgBuLtCm
sneAY{yqA @ms
nqnALo@msnqn]L]AGLtA
OmsnjP	w		AOeC
-----------	---	---------	--------	---
msnHnAO]CXG			Di@e[cez
AeOzXvP\		B	zPBtzPC
]A msnOCN@Ai{LH`piHk
tMzQ~AP]i{XCH bQWoiVCWAC
V^HMRDAe Ma	zA@
XGObvhWC
--------	-----------------	-----------	---	---
mkvn	BmkvOn	BmwnAFCbIPv
WCLHm	kvOnmvAC~QGN@^@JA
100C
jv

98 \mzjv~On Aj 52UC | 99 mOn|QAXBPe | | 20C | | | | ---------------- | --- | ---- | --- | --- | | 100 m|nZnGUAD@CC | | | | | | | | 31 | | |

	T	C@eQ[c
		@` axz[
@BmnzDn[I
bmnACTDiX@C			mE@n}vqG
uAWA\H]C			v
C{naDANnakA				X@~{a
101CbAC
UQ@zQA]u		]AH]Cv
--------	---	------	---------	---	---
uwDcA			}lDCCi@Bz
102PaD
OutHDAHF		tHDAHCv
--------	---	-------	-----	---	---
LOOwA{[b				zhWS
AOABOuj]Cv

]@^CuvR
bmsEnCi@BRA{iH			hA
@Oi~~bAGO~~b		iBbHh		103C
bRHhxB	Mmn~bi{ALG

eAhwAf			HFAeAZ
v104
fHAOaP]C

101 mE@n	AmznTAj			52UC
102 mEn
APWC
103 mEn	Gui]Ai]Ciz]Ai]Cv
-------	----------------	---	---	---	---
104 mEn	APWC
			32

bRPHhX@A~miF			aPla
PC]AHA		qbR}lmAunu
AMo]C v105LjuAn~nAG

]]A]]AD]A			]ALAD
106
]ALAD]AOGtHHQ]C

PIOglHQ[ACb			v@e
dU@C

]G^Pz[X
CbmEnovzDwuvA
BaJF[wqAG		uR@@C		v
-------------	--------------	-------	------	---	---
boACH@[Puv			XAzOb@
GAbDj		SjfAO^H
A]uv	AO@AOlVlN{C
AFiHP@[X~AiHM			qH
CCbmEnG	uIA]FsAq]F]A]F
107
sA]FkAH]Cv
LG uOAhHAAG			Cv108]NOA
-----------	---	---	---------	---	---
MqH@iHFHB			A@iHFDC

105 PWC 106 PWC 107 PWC 108 PWC

		33

CAO~@iL{AHLjnu

AMoC		v109pA	mEXnTXG	uXA
HC	v110u	D]AHSv]C		v
HCMA@UDislC
gslQ[ALG			uslADnDNHLH
--------	---	---	-----------	---	---
v111
PWC
]NOpPAqoP			lBc
---------	---	---	---	---	---
qAoHASOOlAslONHlC

| g|slG | | uW@AAh|eCL | | | | | ----- | --- | ---------- | --------- | --- | --- | | LAWA | | GDAuC | v112Huuvu | o | | v113ADoXAHHC 114NACMsl

XGOC

]T^zPzXP | |^iBBB[ | | | ACbmEw | | | | --------------------- | --- | --- | ----------- | --- | --- | | nG uiHAtHHwAwHFAtHHDF | | | | | | | Cv 115oDMwOOHC | | | GuD]AD@D]AA | | | | XAtHD]Fw]AD@ | | | w]AUAQQAtH | | | v116 w]C

109 PWC 110 PWC

111 gA	mEgn		Ax_GxWA	82~qC
112 PWC
113 PWC
114 mEgn
		AXPeC
--------	---	-------	-----	---	---
115 mEwn		Aj 52UA	661C
116 PWC
			34
---	---	---	---	---	---

	117AHv	118
BL	FIvzi
lAHHHi{@C
uACbmEnFFA mEnG

sAhDyAHAjiHA	ZBPUlAL
hHaAeAATARkAA
LsJCNwpkAO]C		119
------------	---	----

lb{shWhiHvkQjl@	sAHj
kCLG

_A{RcA Mb]CARcACA {sAHw]I 120

| LP|InAlsjsA | ]A]vu | is | | ----------- | ----- | --- | v121oACF@

WADUPC	nAAbD
nDWAFbvnBBRc ADnVW@b
hAu@h{bXa DWP@U
OALACObb HDVuDvA
GG u{sAHw] Iv

117 mEn Guzn~~HiANqvAwLHxApHA weAnoHDAExaHAk]Cv 118 mEn GujlH]AvAvShT~~]C`Wv

AS]A^psAGPHjCv
119 mEn
AXPeA 662C
120 PW
121 PWC
35

| GB| | | | | | | | | | | | | --------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---- | --- | --- | --- | | bLCbmnDA] | | | | | | | nuDv | | | | oiAq|y@C

rNAsjtj							[IAqrrq
A mnKG					uAAqAqlAl
]C122vmnA
uvOlk^C
A]iHymynMtA							myEFnG			uA
------------	---	---	---	---	-------------	---	------	---	---	---
HAAHAHC					vlAwNuv[q
^Xj]A					MlCbo@IWACTaq
[I^MABObHDWC
123O
j{DQ	vTAOqlH}lC
uJHv	APNQAjsAhhj
------------------	-----------	-----	-----------	----	---------	-----	-----	---	-----	---
yApmgn	BmPn	Bmn		Bm@n			mlE~n		124Cl
ADQ[q^A					HlkaWUY
}lVAVPvkvOX					AnzP_CHj
[IADQtbmOEs					ngwX{upv[
A mgEtvn]G			uHAjAjYAYjt
C vDAX{WOApmjOEljn										G
uTAjLA		dAUiC				vDQ[q
tpAMXDQw	zYC
就以上所言，契嵩認為孝是所有倫理道德中的共同尊崇之善行，因此他在善
行基礎上將戒與孝兩個不同的德目合而為一。可是戒與孝真如契嵩所言，能在一
切善法之基礎上有所交集嗎？果真是戒生則善法生嗎？佛教內部是否能容許這樣
的觀點而無有矛盾或衝突？

122 jA

	mDMn
123 }UA	m	n		Ax_GxWLXC
124 mDMn			AXPeC
				36

TB A 是佛教傳統內修行體系中之基礎，與定慧二者合稱為三無漏學之一，主要是因為出家僧人可依持守戒律而減少個人習氣，並據此減輕生活和修道上的煩惱而得到清淨乃至証果。在《彌沙塞部和醯五分律》125卷十八中之第三分受戒法，詳載了釋尊出家修道證悟，除五蓋、離欲惡不善法及順逆觀十二因緣的過程，及眾弟子受三歸五戒後，在為人處事及日常生活乃至修道上，都得到長足利益之事。

bmFn@hAio\wA		G@B
kFGBk[FTB	LHF	BCBCo
	FBiHCLC	m
m	nG

| AHAT|]CW@DAD | | ADTz | | ------------ | --- | ---- | nAU]v]C 

PMYyzAbmuCgE		~QTn]F
[IAgG

OYO@k]AYNpOA		oGDt
GAY}ORZTcDCklAuC		iIHGH
127
OwAGtGAOGWiC

WzgOATXkkC		BO@A
OhAO@HxC m

125 j 22UANO.1421C 126 PWC 127 PWC

	37

tgnQTA	OPHsYC		CGA
GX}AYHwk T_AhioH
GCOpnAOX aGAObaH
zCnAb mgngt_A
G uAwzlAfbOAMd	A}~zC
--------------------	---	---	---	---	---
128GCbmUWvnG
u]AiHHFQ]AiH
C v129
Nk@AODwiMH			PPDs
----------	---	---	----	---	---
ydCAPOi{ADww@C]A
ChkIOiHA]tFLQDuvv
onC
---	---	---	---	---	---
E^bmauglvzQn 130@XAHuglzQv
[CglAO@Dwx 131AFl@DwzQA
tHAOv~sCblzQUAglA
zL~buvAFC 132DvBvHAYO
t~DCAalDsb AlDDwNqHB
AB`Ps sbMClsAbD
wADwzQAhO FsbCoKO
avA@DwsbC

128 j 24UANO.1460C
129 mzn	Aj	52UAXgPeC
130 JE^A	mQ{Nn@Ax_GpgA			1995~A	145C
131 E^bmauglvzQn@XAgl@wqX{bF~q
qG uglHDwCv		A 146C
-----------	---	-------	---	---	---
132 E^bHmyEFn	G uglqHAHA]HXAHH
glvCvPYCXBPeA		151C
-------------	---	-----	---	---	---
38

| |BX@G | | | | | | | | ----- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ]@^zwq

v133oyT

CbmnG
wqFLCJMC{iH	bwWNP[
XAUNnQXDAn	OAOH@zp
oRDH
AO@DwCslgUF@wqG		uiv	134Cb
[cWATCT	OAb[pUA
OD[AoD[]O@Q	AQCp[IAsl
uivnXoyzALG

iAXG@OlO					e{AD
135
FGODNADC

L{AsluivsF[ilDA
C]AbzAD		X@XbCHo
uANiH[lD	AH]OQlD		136CA
137
KiHBTBqBAi@BD[P[C

133 mzn		AXBBXBgPeC

134 pA	mzn	Ax_GnXA		2001~11C
135 mzn
	AXPeC
---	-----	---	---	---	---	---
136 Fvdjta]PkAL]slguiv
wALXG			uiJolDA]H		sbnCv
--------	---	-------	---------	--------	-----	---
aA mDwWn		Ax_GnXA		2002~4@C

137 pvzhhwH[I{GAOAOHh ivHFTHCA|PBYFqO@kAz Lk^HwArAzLok^HQFAOAOQQA

LCmzn	AXPeC
			39

CyzOHLyzAPDi		slhHSPHb
WzwqHS@H
]G^CcsbQ

v138CBOcALcCb

CA	uc]AD]
CA	uvOHCbms	nFL[IAG		u
v139
]A]ChRARhAhkkUjC
AOsbBsqABNCb		[IAAO
------------	---	------------	---	---
HBlPcDn		GCoNARsb
AQRgV@		jjOqXAoKOABO
sbC]ARz		[cAojjXOX
sbAiFRB		FWMPxWA]OoXO
oP@UyA		_jA_NvRg
ViCboPz[IUA		uvKNdC
]NOACA uvNquOPAOARs
IAjjXOqCcqXAOANoODA
DDCow]F@M		bAAHun^
----------	---	------------	---	---
AANM{@DJoZ		oMMCbaoOvAOH
X@AOFbhOAM		bAO@WoMD
InC
A^cWCACbm		SDy
-------------	----------	-----------	---	---
zuv	AOoXycARsI
jjXOCoXO{		NA{~hOCoNA
cOD[AOHHD		wqA]OiHlDAz
LiB\iHFHnlDGC		mnG

| 138 men | Amzn|Aj | 52UC | | | | ------- | ---------- | ----- | --- | --- | | 139 mn | Amzn@AXPeC | | | | | | 40 | | | |

AFsAGF]AFkAHFKAFyA FAFcfAdF}AF AFA NC@AH[HApQ]C 140 zLWzmnACnlDAQFauvv zQCvAYOv AbHW 141COAOOu auvvzQAi@BHQNH qCHANQayz zQAH AXezpbw qWyzCyAq~~b ACPslTP CACyzAbezw qUO@OHOBTBqBOH ]T^QbUwq QeG uBsBk yB]Bsv AH[ WuyBBcfBQ}B vQCe| A@shBA]NO ABsBkyB]Oq oAObAWAOs oOAO~~bCQ~ BfBNTAf| AMNUTCe| YOHAh ALzyd s[WdoBoLA qANAQ ioHGAQ~~iWB BUT~~AQ~Gi t 142C]ACzQA iOHGA YHHD@AiOFC 140 XBBXBgPeC 141 aA mDwWn@GHnAXBPeC 142 m_~gnUG uQ 下品之十善，可為人中之王；中品十善為粟散王，即小國之王；上品十善為鐵輪王，即轉輪聖王之一。據此意義而言，其王位稱為十善位，帝王稱為十善君；於過去修十善戒，得此功德，故稱之為十善戒力。v 41

qAPOPCl DvA@ @RPWABDw glFlDoO@X@ AoIRAAnN AOCoquv dXoANPkXPBX@C mn G utHPAP]C voNCAb FWOPCo@fuP] vHFX@mA BH@sGFs qAbGWt C 42

| | | G` DPDX@|Fv[ | | | | | ------------ | ------- | -------------- | --------- | -------- | ------- | | @BmnDPDX@Di | | | | | | | FX@Di~AC@eQ | | | | | boit@VN | | OAmnFXgD | | | |FvAHLa | | | | FvCLbmn}vqG | | | | uUPAjFUA | | | | 143CvBG | uUAPj]C | | | vN | | m_nX{A[WUjBA | | | m|nFH_ | | | | QaR_LDnyA | | | CbmnHm|n | | | | QRFHD | | C | | mnG | ujtH | | HgADzbDvU | | | DAOUIjDCv | | pACN | | gDDVPA | | uD]ADLD]AD]C | | | v | A^HnlOA@DR@DOgDDH

CgmnHLSNpDPDXH
LbmnyzDAG		uD]HD]AaD]AH
D]CeT~@Cv	144DBaDBHDO}iXADBaDB
HDTDB`P_MD		A[IoiACbm
nG

DAhPAB				……FHDAhsC
YAeap		……FHDAhA@gk~@`A
hALhHC			145

143 uvGrAXm|ExdngAkhAOPZVlvjkO | Cbm|Ejnuv@uv | | | AQG | uAgAAA | | | ---------------- | ------- | --- | --- | ------ | --- | | W]Cv|NjNAxdAhjkC | | | | | | | 144 mzn | AXBgPeC | | | | | 145 PWC

			43

LNDBPHDwXAabaH			X@[IC]
aAuH~~PaT~~CA			menG

UACAhH			CHAh
AAhiHa	CiH			a
aoC	146

NmenA@uzNODAbDUB~~A DnHCoNAHP aAHOaCDw D{AHPaAA OCoDwD AC{DYnAhnHh AuHDAUU i{YYVaHCyAHOD wDAzLHVOA DwD^PHDCD wAbWvTAUhO o@@M@|@A]C nROHaADBO @UB@hMaAi OH~~ON@DnDC ovT`HAbgD| ANOgAHgCLbHQ gAOoDwj~xA L@|@HA] OgPAL HgiHOA

i\L@		WUt	147A]iuOhD
AUryvO pU{AH
nC

146 }UA	men	Ax_GLXC
147 bANq_CC_B	wB@	wAHks@A
gAHMCtALNAghH			PLC	mj
-------------	---	---	---	---
n AGXC
44

GBDPDX@Gk
[IAUk[kA				C{DQteb
DConqukv			zCkAyFiAx
@@yhAAuzA			kqzAbo[IAC
gDOu	az	vCoNADNsbUkA	]
~~OJA~~]zZNLC
b@LqUADODX@I				nAiO@LkA
]LkApHwvCGmnG				utH^Ho
]AG]HGH]C			v]NOAG	bo[IWO@P
SCCR	xdE A{oOgDDkA
HEvAhoWjN			CLslu			O
---------	-------	---	----------	-------	---	---
]AD]C	vjvIAHg				gDvAGu
BSA]AH			voNAHDix@A		mnG

@JpAgHjv]FOD@AgHj				]Ah
148
AvhC

BBn|AgDhOeBnB

AOgDinu	CbAgDFLWDAOD
wWhAOsb{PAaO]MA^			A
OLWkAHHNOC	BACHDwGAq
ALONwHgA	@FhCCDA
euDkP	ALCobA
HukvNtiA	QzQ	AQyg
HgAvggtNC

148 P	144C
			45


@Bmn	Bmsnz[
]@^[I
boRDWQAiHOC		@e
maCb@eDiO@msnWmn}vqAG

UAjCMAl				]CT]
AT]AT]CUBIA]C 149

o@qi{FCAH				[B
R[AHHsDC

APi{OLlL		A]hQtz_
PIDAORs		eja@UAby
{HoAyzMICAT		@RAbAO@
A	mjnQ@Et~GQTG

stgAOioHLh@L				h@A@@
A{b@{b@GioAC				150

uT@vNAyPU				aO@
{HWyzOwqCo{HW				At_kC{H
@OL_AC			mtgnQGG		uGA

149 mzn		Aj	52UAgPeC
150 j	25UANO.1509AYC
				46

LGL	Cvo@t_kh		pGbRy
{WAyz[cQG]tALt			AtAtWAWtBA
BtAtAtRARt AtAtAtC mtgn
Q	E]~	mj]gnA
-------------	-----	------------	----------	------
{A}FQG]t		t_khAG	utRGh	vCoN
sbARgMAOA				uHvs
bRAOci}O			qAF@XOARQ
CHO@AM]bo{			HkhAqosb{W
PIXoAC}iXOPjC
QG]tANlg	tA
Iwf[QG]tA			}RsbWCtm
gEU~nG		uQG]tABABA@A
@AC	v151
OtEGQ	gODALl}
lAJTAQAoA			NOoRW
kAouC]HkB	t			Ao@LGA]]
AbeAQG]tf[AoG			uOGOAO_G
O_CtLAtAtWAtWJBAtJBAtA
tRAtRAtAtAt			BB~BdBoWApOjWE
-------------------	---	---	--------------	------
FpOLhAhA			hWAWhJBAJ
BhAhAhRA			RhAhAhA
hBB~BdBoWApOBpOjWEC				v152
oQG]tAb	tOC
gnAC]A			B{yjAOo

151 j	3UANO.190C
152 j	2UANo 100(184)C
			47

iOP@A]LC			[QG]tpAf[QG]tp
A}DG	uthALthCCAitcI				v
bgiQG]t@ knApmW@tngG
uDQG]tA]			AHLozAAL_
--------	---	---	---------	---	---	---
C v153
WzmAXRy{H@				MR[cAo
------------	---	----------	--------	--------	---	---
[cX{O@gAH			RDn[HCOR
BBfBONy			y@A[u
RgAo[OR{Hiyz				AO_qUwqC
CbmsEnG		utHj[AD]eA
v154msEUnSG
H]C			uia`LAHsAHqG
-------------	---	-----	------------	-------	---	---
ADjC		v155
o{CyLg				DzAB[iH
TwACFT[IC
[AqzuvQAjH				PvYAO
DwN^kMAAUMOjC
FACQ[ANHmsnmn					Bms
n BmenXgIkXC[C

]G^Pwq
oRDQACbmnG			u]AoC	v
HCwqG	u]A]C	v156u	hRARhA
hkkUjC	voNNuvOX		ROqAXR

153 j	2UANO.125C
154 j
	52UAXBBXBgPeC
---	-------------	---	---	---	---	---
155 PWC
156 msn	AmznGAj		52UAPWC
-------	-------	---	--------	---	---	---
		48

AqoOqXPxWgA				yF	@R{HC
]ACu		HbA[o		v157A]NOoOHgbBoBW
]AoOWAoX				ROqAHoubvA]
OHiH@DxC]AB				PAbkLoA
]OyDn]AqAsb@gC
v158Ci@BG
uvOHmsnG				u]AL]C					u
-----------------	----------	---	---	------	---	---	-----	---	---
LhlLAXGJGDDC				v159
o]tF@]ACHDaLw]F{H						IA
usbv	BusvIhAAuv						ANsbs
O@uzCRsA				PXROq
v160ABu
YACi@Byzu				XGAG				Ah
-----------	---	-------------	---	--------	---------	----	---	----	---
DoI		v161bACnQOAHu				sAMA
BOQBCoAXC[I				AH{HsAH
uAo{bC				msnG	u]A			vAPL
}vqazG		uDADC			v162@q}lC
msnG		uAC]Ap]ApU]A
UU]A]X]				C]A]AULA
ULCGUX_BJFU				__CUGAU
v163
sGCHiHUAHiH[UjC
o@qAMyzFCboRDW						CAL{zL
--------------	---	---	---	-------	---	------	---	---	---
N{y@A^HiH{g				uzFGAUs
AAMawPAHyz{HMC

157 mn		AXPeC
158 XPW
159 PW
160 msn		AXPeC
-------	---	-----	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
161 PWC
162 PWC
163 PWC
				49
---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---

o{A			CbmsnG		uUAU
bC	v]NOA@@t_			A@XRyOqs
bAQXhb{uzh					Ao{KOA
qLiHF}AiHWZJ			tAq{HPAqFZtG~A
]NnboWU\CCi@BaXG						u~	v164AM
FLzMAO			RHQG]ty[
cAHIv		putQ		165AoyX
OP@OKCHR			vTHCmsnFL
kG

| |~~PAP]q~~]AUEH | | | | | | | | U~~EPH~~ | | | -------------- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ------ | ---- | | z]AP]AG@AtHG~I | | | | | | | | | 166 |

~O@BNAMPoAO@
~uH]AV]		Cv@hY@AOu
PlA~Pv	AGul]AG		A]GHw]	vCo@
cADwP_MwbH			WA_eMwFA
~bYPsAH		]G~]NiHwCbA
CFc]G[Ahyzq		_oH

164 PWC

165 CvHAIQimgn						CbmgnACwnvID
@YYQCIvDnQpQADipMbup
oAOooVC				mgnG	upkoAWpCvIv
----------------	---	---	---	----	-----------	---	---	------	---
FivJgHADngYptmgn								Af}lAI
Q}lVA@D@YYRDX{AIlwMAN
AWAL_vIOnvIoiAYNIQoiAjVO
YCA		mIQvwq			6@ 9@n	A_G_jXA			1995~@
---	---	------	---	---	------	-------	---	---	------
C
166 mzn		AXPeC
-------	---	-----	---	---	---	---	---	---	---
					50

vTAGG	ufAGcjFcwoAG
jCv167A]u	~bH]pAiVGI			v168
qC]GALOfsz					HAHL~P
t_QDFAAVXF			[]GvTCNv
[A]Gb			oiA@OH~Pt_Q
AjNBAvTO			AVX[@
]G[AQHfszN			Cz{AOA]OG
] 169CLbmTn@			FAD		170Au LwqA
PAtC		vbmkvnLG			uHcnAH
ovTC	v171oLOHDw@@]G				P_A
172C
{AoNO@HDw[]G
GhOk	t_[AY~Pt_B
---------------	---	---	--------	---	----------
t_Ckz	t_Ao			]Gt_AqHP
RA{H]NB{P^ B@P
{HYAH{HP{H			]G@Y@@zAk
------------	---	---	-----------	---	----------
	t_Ao]Gzt			oIA]_u~Pt_v
o@]GYQAuM`bR					yWAoXjF\hA
iOAo@]GztS			@{]G[Ay
uPa^lC

167 msn	AXPeC
168 PWC
169 A	m]GBbgPwzvWXn				Ax_GxWA
-------------	-------------	---	------------	---	-------
2004~A@G]GC
170 zjvbmTngG			u~TA@{AGATC{
clYFKFgGTdAMDCLDA
CvoOq~DA	aAH
RDQhASOOwjDhQCbJ
X{AQDAfszboNDiC
---------------	-----	-------------	---	---	---
171 mn	Aj	52UANO.2102C
172 P	169C
			51

HWbt]GAH@]G				sH{
Ao@[IqfszHAz			LHhHp@~
	{P		173AqC		A[Lo@[IC

Dw[]GACbt@gmenG
AsRcjAojC		v174ouvMO@P_A
pOuvHoNFDwiW		DAN~bF
WdP[iA		MPHbFw
kWLPHU@U		CbmenyzA
mn	BmsnH@[IC

GBmenPk
]@^CmenQA
pGmnPmsnOb@@v				[Ihwq
DAmenNOq			[IXoAhzmenQ
DkCneDOHCbmUWvn
FFAL{gPg\haA				u[AY
------------	--------	------	------	----	----
ov	ALgKN`AN		`PFhbu		o vA
]lAu			lPDA	ioDA
C	vL	A	menQAu		lH]
Ok[AiHoANtPC				175
BACjPFvQnXG				AHuI
ABOiP[cC

173 @[IoiPAim]GBbgPwzvWX n A@G]GC

174 men	AXPeC
175 mUWvnG
uYeGAAOZPg
@GIeDAlH]AGtHAhkMUA
aA`aHAjCv
---------	---	---	---	---	---
			52

]G^menewqP
eHCG		uIeA\q]C		v176B
BBDBFB		BqBBHKA	u@e	vCoNAH
gLz`PAiA~Ouv					C]A
menG	ueADGRC		vBu PgG		vAN
nOyA			]eiHRAGG

tHAzNAH]AG					DFAH`s
177
Rc]AqHAHsD]C

Ou	o`AC
m\F`Cbo[IACXewA			m
enG	ueAHD]C	voACeDmwbHC
nACyzpUG

i]AIQRi]Aeih]					CA
AaAvAw_UAeH]I							178

CNeDoQRA				uOGglN]AeM
	]	Cvs]ALG	u`]A]		Cv179WACOb
v[IApNeD				HCCqiBPD
ReDALe				D{PPRANeD

176 men	AXPeC
177 PWC
178 PWC
179 PWC
			53
---	---	---	---	---	---	---	---

PDQX@NCzL			Lbmen@qrAiHs
HLQkALbmenG

AHz]AheDsjAG			sRcoH
He]AqHDFHHe]C				180

oNAHzL~bi\WdAq			L
vM[HCbWA			OeDODwiPF@
\A men	GuHAAsRcj			vNYAi
OMbMAO@@Hn\C
DAy@	madhyamā-pratipadAQy@		majjhima-patipadāAO
Q@ALD			NIPPA
wq}GBA			@DCblt
gOKDAhT			n_B`GAj[h
HYieAH@			BOLoDC		181NWz
CAGOHDh`PRDC
eDOHCmenwqG			usoAo
-----------	---	---	------------	---	---
`MC]AUj]F			M]AUFD]CPMAa
v182
jAXAJUGH]AUBU]AGHM]C
CHu	exdA]		vAP~bYA
------	------------	--------	-------	---	---
HYLhu	THv	vIboALGu		RA
RH]AOR	v183AXvWSR[C

180 PeC

181 mjnqlTC
182 P
180C
183 CGuhAhqAhAhAghHv[IA
uRHAqPv[IC
----------	---	---	---	---	---
			54

]T^
menG	uRv	CNYR	Ao
tORMCkOADqRC 184COG

RAa]AhF]A\HHa		XF]CD
z]AP]AtHHH		GRPEO{	q
]AGH]RARiH]APEi		Hq]AOi
]A{iH]AqiH	H]AE]PoCI]A
hPL]AEPGHHJ]APGH			185

[IUA{XCPNRuvWCbmU

WvnCzez]LPC			mUW
vnG

aD]Ap]B]B]By]B[]A			LLhA
La]APjAUjAHa@g			hAOZP
@lDA wGa
GHeLAH ]AGaseHA
186
sHC

WzqmAMaFFCAAL			{bmen
ztz[AMFtza ABLaUAOH
PoO@RbsW DAzLBAPB

184 pA	mvjn	Ax_GxWA	1999~A@KG
eWQA	58C
185 men	AXPeC
186 mzn	APeC
55

iHVAoNw]Fuv			DtVC]uviP
MAiHFDAPaAgLVmA~bDwzWdA						uv
PDiHoAAHP			aOCAAFg
187HAHsb]OgC
sbA
---	---	---	---	---	---	---

1Bc
PAC			UDiWUO
Au	WjjwAUjcjw		vAL{oO@l
~~ALG uGWPUMA\H~~P~AD
woC~~AWoA~~NAUoAZWUvH						v188
-------------------	---	----	---	-------	---	-----
]NOAbCHMA]					LlP
LCau		Ai		v[IALzl
vG	uA	vBUu		GA]A
v189bo[IALi@B
qHcw		WUAZMCH
----	---	-------	---	---	---	---
G uc]AD]IcALcA]HR]A]A
v190
c]
HALslu		SASH			v191LG	us
------	---	--------	---	---	------	---
]AyP]C		v192INbu			^A]A
v193
GlA]CAEGHAEPGH

187 APBAbPuv				AO~
zAWBBWFCA					七情，指一般人所具有之七
種感情：喜、怒、哀、懼、愛、惡、欲。六欲，據《大智度論》卷二記載，指凡夫對異性具有六種
欲望，即：色欲、形貌欲、威儀欲、言語音聲欲、細滑欲、人相欲；或指眼、耳、鼻、舌、身、意
等六欲。見《佛光大辭典》，出版同前。
188 men	Amzn	AXPeC
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		81

CqezXi[cX@Y@eQtCq| z[A|FvABDANM| HQ@uA@Mi\ AOkC |ALOXjFA]P@sPF }n[C AANutHv[IACHX X@PJ@CJMXANN| QHAOQBCpAX@DAH@ QORHAbXaHAChbdbXaiHHw QWAo_AW[AXGOyHgC wJ@ACTbmenNwbHDWAN Dj[IAoHcAbt[cA XDAOsDC]AbhWGPAiHO PVAiOCoaHutHvNsAbW _MPAOaPhoOPStC TBCb@e{P Richard E. Palmer G uz@FANOpQUC v 247LzFbmuzPknzG ubL{AwM “z ”OaYQzUpC v248 247A Richard E. Palmer b2004~6 2-4j|uP gv Q|oZG What is happening when one reads a classic text? Seven observation of Hans-Georg Gadamer. 248 A Richard E. Palmer b2004~6 2-4j|uP g`v Q|oZG What is happening when one reads a classic text? Seven observation of Hans-Georg GadamerApUG “ To understand something is to see how it would apply to the present situation. Gadamer states, “ In the course of our reflections we have come to see that our understanding always involves something like applying the text to be understood to interpreter’s present situation.” 82

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| 249 Richard E. Palmer b2004~6 | | 2-4j|uPg`v | | ------------------------------- | --- | ---------- | Q|oZG What is happening when one reads a classic text? Seven observation of

Hans-Georg GadamerApUG
“Transformation into structure is Dadamer’s way of describing the work of art. An experience of
something has beenf` translated into a structure that endures and speaks to future generations.”
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		83

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| 251 A | | Richard E. Palmer b2004~6 | 2-4j|uP | | | | ----- | --- | -------------------------- | ------- | --- | --- | g`v Q|oZG What is happening when one reads a classic text? Seven observation of Hans-Georg GadamerApUG

“He finds that while there is an interaction of horizons, the reader finds that the temporal distance between the an ancient text and the interpreter disappears in the act of reading and the text has an autonomous presence that draws you into its play.”

252 [w]GleichzeitigkeitANOGM@ae{C					Richard E.
Palmer bj	uPg`vQ	ALNowN
NF]		Hans-Georg Gadamer^AF^		“simultaneity” L
-----------------	-----------------------------	----------------------	-----------	---------------------	--------
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`vQ	oZG What is happening when one reads a classic text? Seven observation of
Hans-Georg GadamerApUG
“The condition of being as vividly present today as it was its inception.”
			85
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oPVeA@ ~ABPP@sC ]gleichzeitig^]ANFoAN@~C 255 ]NOAC@N@~ABPNU|PM AC@QO@~eAiO@~pboP NJUAPMNqUOP@HoNOFb muzPknN@~~XbsWDC@~~ oA^HhPFoABJNq`Aq@~A Or@~CPaA^HgF@g]N|oPpA AAC ACagN AiQO@~C Lp|\agAagNqLoFvTAN H|qHg]PL]vTOqALbo FFzCOAozoO@scAO@ MQOHQCMAosc vTGgoMtA]O@~C 255 ApUG “We ask what is that presents of itself so differently in the changing course of ages and circumstances. It does not disintegrate into the changing aspects of itself so that it would lose all identity, but it is there in all of them. They all belong to it. They are also contemporaneous (gleichzeitig) with it. Thus, we have the task of interpreting the work of art in terms of time (Zeit). (TM120-121) 86

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Truth and MethodA Hans-Georg GadamerA 2nd rev. ed/ translation revised by Joel
Weinsheimer and Donald G. Marshall, New York: continuum 1995.
Buddhism in China , A Historical Survey , Kenneth Ch’enA New JerseyG PrincetonA
Second Ed.A

Richard E. Palmer, “What is happening when one reads a classic text? Seven

observation of Hans-Georg Gadamer ,” y						G	j	A 2004~	6 A P
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E^ Gm Q{N An x_ G pgX A 1995~ C j Gm s An G 2002~ 9 C p Gm z An x_ G nX A 2001~ 11 C a Gm DwW An x_ G nX A 2002~ 4 C Gm IQv w q 6@ 9@ An _ G_jX A1995C iD Gm NsV An x_ G zX A 1995~ 4 C HJ Gm YQPk An x_ G zX A 1997~ 7 C Wq /@ Gm jQ An x_ G FjX A 2002~ C ] T ^ Z B | \ Gm jl An m vl Cn Gm qs An j m |qN| An x_ G T A 2002~ 7 C ] | ^ u jqlT 93

校對記錄

2026-05-07 確認錯誤：摘要中稱「Chinese Buddhism is the result of the convergence of these two traditions」過於絕對，將中國佛教直接歸結為儒佛兩傳統的結果，與歷史事實不符，因為中國佛教還受道教、翻譯傳統、印度佛教諸宗派等多重因素影響。 → 正確：“Chinese Buddhism is the result of the convergence of these two traditions”屬概括性表述，過於絕對；中國佛教的形成還涉及印度佛

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